535-03 Page 9 (1)sanet5^ggt-oppe a f every oor on
on Sundays but on every day,p£
e way without a command.)
the week for which they could
"Well," that Methodist horseman
make an appointment, Bangs' ser-
would say with an innocent smile
mons were given anywhere, in. the
when he alighted, "Toby knows
taverns of Oxford, on the dancing
every sinner's house on the. road."
floor of an Indian trader's house
However, Bangs reports that his
by the lake, in Quaker meeting -
own rather sober offer gained him
houses, in the settlers' cabins of
admittance into most of the houses.
Gosfield and in the open air any -
"But above all, come even fire or
where. The service consisted of
flood, he had to meet his preach.
songs, prayer and a sermon. Since
ing appointments, often given out
no one but Bangs had a hymn
weeks in advance, and usually kept
book he read two lines at a time
at noon. If he came late on the
and sang them while the congrega-
errand the settlers departed and
tion accompanied him .with a mu.
thus a great awakening as de-
i sical drone.
layed or lost.
S W.O. "Unhallowed"
Many s time on his routes he
Ali were not believers, however;
met sickness and desolation and
indeed, if Bangs' testimony is cor.
not infrequently perils to, himself
rect, the Canadian backwoods win
and his horse. The Thames River
an unhallowed region.
was often high, and covered the
"Settlers showed _openly what
flats far and wide. Sometimes when
they were by their words and ac
.he crossed it safely himself, but
tions, and either accepted religior
with great difficulty on a log, his
heartily or opposed it violently;
horse, which he says he loved
the great majority, though most of
nearly as much as himself,
.them would come to hear me
.was
carried down by the current and
preach, were determined.. opposers.'
escaped only. becausetheanima]
There were often scenes of free
was so strong.
debate between preachers ant
scoffer; some who. were apt))
Narrow Escape
pe
described as "sons of. thunder'
" "I will relate one example," he
_. leaningupon the door posts, sit
wrote, "of a narrow escape in
thug upon the sill of an unglazed
crossing the Thames River,
window or the low branches of a
"This happened near Chatham.
tree, questioned or defied the
After heavy rains it rises very
preacher who was using a bench
rapidly. At the time of these fresh.
or chair or barrel for a pulpit at
ets my horse was on one side and
the end of the room.
I on the other. I wished very much
Throughout the fall of 1801, right
to cross, and went to the ferry
after he had been given his license,
for the purpose. The ferryman was
with two other saddle -bag preach -
not at home, but his wife said that
ers riding parts of the circuit,
her daughter, a girl about 14 years
Nathan Bangs ministered in the
old, could paddle me over. We ac-
so-called Niagara region as far as
cordingly started, and as the river
the Mohawk settlements on the
was much swollen and very rapid
Grand River. But on the first of
in the centre, and the flats over-
December of that year the Long
flowed to a considerable distance,
Point part ofit was cut off ,and
'I requested the girl to take me
the young minister was asked by
above the usual landing -place be-
his presiding elder to travel this
-fore she launched out into the cur.
western region alone, It was known
rent. I stood on the stern of the
that there were only two small
canoe and she in the middle. We.
Methodist societies in the whole
finally turned into the rapid
field from the Grand River to De.
stream, which was filled with float-
troit. Both of them were made up
ing logs .and fragments of timber.
chiefly of some New Jersey immi-.
We paddled with all our might,.
rants; one of them was headed
but in spite of our efforts we
by an enthusiastic settler or local
floated some distance below the
preacher who kept the society
landing -place, and finally came into
together.
the top of a tree which stood on
, Ingersoll,. Burford in 1801
the flat above the lower bank, I
So, down the frozen road he
cried to the girl to seize hold of
jogged into the far western region.
a branch and keep her feet steady
Nathan .Bangs describes his jour-
on the canoe;I did the same and
ney up from Niagara thus:
we held fast. This _._ --
gave ds some`
"After passing through. several
time to look around, and see how
little' settlements, in which I
might escape. I soon perceived
stopped and preached, I came to
that
that beyond the tree shoreward
the Town of Burford, a settlement
the water backed and formed
on the Grand River, about 10 miles
eddy, and if we could manage to
north of the Mohawk Indian vil-
get the canoe on the side of the.
lage. Here seemed to be a frank
tree next to the land we should
and generous people, and they re -
'be safe. I accordingly directed.
ceived me with affection and re -
the girl to pull from branchto
spect, and listened to •the word
branch, and doing the same my..
with apparent eagerness. While I
self, we succeeded in moving
was with them I heard. of a settle -
ment about 25 miles distant, in the
around the tree until we were bey,
Town of Oxford (now Ingersoll),
tween it and the land, when we
where they were anxious to hear
sprung to our paddles and behold
the gospel. Accordingly I set off to
we were safe at the. land. We then
pay them a visit. It being the be -
went up to the house, the man
ginning of winter,.. the ,ground
Hof which was a friend of mine,
and I got him to take the girl back,
partly frozen, the mud deep, and
after paying her well for her
the toad, if such it could be called,
courageous efforts."
running through a wilderness,
--- _ _
though 1 made all the speed I
has been pointed out before
could, I traveled only about 14
-(It
that the spiritual needs of the very
miles that day. I put up at a small
-"early pioneers were met only very
log -hut with a family that had
sketchily, that sermons were heard
been educated as Baptists. I was
only when a preacher rode
treated withhospitality, but they
on
.seemed to have little sense of re -
�ligion.
horseback through the woods and
The next day I reached the
stopped where he could get an
settlement and lodged with Major
audience. Nathan Bangs was the
Ingersoll, to whom I had a letter
first of these itinerant preachers
of introduction from Captain Mal -
to come into this Western Ontario
lory, of Burford. I was received
region. He came in 1801 .from the
with cordiality, and treated with
New York conference of the
great respect. I preached three
Methodist Episcopal Church and
times here, and under the two last
was to work "beyond the Canada
sermons many were awakened to
line."
a sense of their lost condition, and
-::afterwards
converted,"
&UiF: Seeing 'little immediate suc- dalous rumors about the life of
cess on this journey, Nathan Wesley that cast him down, His
Bangs was thoroughly discouraged. world was one of threatening and
He resolved to return. to Niagara condemnation, that hard world of
and give up his license. However, yesterday in which this tense,
when he reached the Grand River Yankee dnerant would brook no
and found that a January thaw interference with his calling. He
had set in and that he could not who lived under a threat of public
cross the stream, he returned to disapproval, frequently threatened
Captain Mallory's at Burford. On the public in turn, calling down
this visit the captain and others divine wrath upon the scoffer and
in the settlement came under the the ,unbeliever, or any human
wing of the new sect and thus en- stumbling block in the path leading
couraged, Bangs revisited Oxford to the salvation of souls. It is said
and won the Ingersoll family t that "he rebuked gainsayers cour-
his church. ageously and they often cowered
"The good work spread quickl before him." Such encounters with
through the neighborhood," It men who were tainted outright
says, "sweeping all before it. I with free-thinkfnr in religion ap-
this way the revival prevailed 1 pear to have been Bangs' most
both these places, so that larg interesting and satisfying adven-
and flourishing societies wer
established, and no less than at
preachers were raised up; one o
whom, by the name of Reynolds,
became a bishop in the Methodist
Episcopal Church of Canada. Thus
)the rock was split, the reformation
extended through many settle-
ments, particularly Oxford, where
large numbers were 'turned from
darkness to light."'
Disciplined
Like all Methodist ministers
Bangs lived under a severe dis-
cipline imposed by the watchful-
ness of his fellow -members._ For
instance, at the very time that
Bangs was traveling this circuit
one of his brethren was hailed be.
fore a conference bar and charged
"'of having said that he composed
'a certain song, when in truth he
did not; that he had the misfor-
tain to get his horse's thye broke
when it was not so; and that he
has baptized contrary to the order
of the M.E. Church."
But apart from such overseeing
they were disciplined by poverty.
From 1800 to 1816 the salary for
all preachers, even the bishops,
was $80 a year; in 1816 it was
raised to $100. Hardly anyone,
least of all Bangs on this circuit,
expected to be paid in full. After
one year he found that his ex-
penes had exceeded by $40 all
that he had obtained to money; A
Perverse prudence sometimes
urged him to go back to teaching
school.
Physical Hardship.
Circuit -riding was lonely and.un-
rewarding and often also its min.
isters were treated with contempt
and punishment. Physically it was
a calling that had no mercy upon
the bodies of the itinerants. Routes
through Canada, sometimes called
the "Boreal region," were particu.
larly hard upon the lives of the
preachers. Of the first 737 to die
in his conference — that is all who
died up to 1847 — 203 were be.
tween 25 and 35 years of age and
121 between 35 and 45. Nearly half
of them died before they were 30
years old — just one less than 200
(withinthe first five years.
It required great courage to ride
this lonely and .frequently inhos.
Pliable, circuit: Bangs confesses
once to a deep despair:
"One cold day, while riding
through the woods, I was - deeply
disturbed with thoughts of my
loneliness and destitution, for my
Pecuniary means were about ex.
hausted; my salary was next to
nothing; I could see no means for
my future wants; I lived from
house to house, from settlement to
settlement, and the future seemed
dreary and forlorn."
By such temptations he was per-
plexed for awhile but reading a'
verse in his hymn book, he rode on
with "a sudden glow of joy."
Met Opposition
He ,found among Universalists
and Calvinists opposition to his
lures.
A frontier fiddler, in the preach.
er's vocabulary a "devil's musi-
cian" who lured away young peo.
ple from meeting houses, he ad-
dressed with fiery glance and rigid
finger, as he says, "in the language
of rebuke and warning, I told him
that if he did not cease alluring.
the young people intosinful
amusements I would pray Godil
either to convert him or take him,
out of the way, and I had no doubt
that God would answer my pray-
er." Victory in these trials inspired,
him with confidence and even with)
"humble boldness."
In the new settlement of Col-
chester his missionwas checked)
by a reprobate that. Bangs hid)
under the initial "W." As the itin-I
Brant was about to preach to an,
audience of settlers who pretended)
an interest in his teachings, W.
arose and: took him by the shoul-
ders and marched him out of
doors, declaring that he was not
to preach or visit in the neighbor-
hood again.
"No doubt the fiends in hell
raised a shout of applause," com-
mented Nathan Bangs.
Then, .a the presence of all the
people, the rejected minister
solemnly took a handkerchief from
his pocket and wiped first from
one foot and then from the other
the dust of W's ground as a testi-
mony against them."
Before this year of circuit -rid-
ing was up he was attacked by a
bout of intermittent fever and
weak and, very thin he returned
to Niagara and took an eastern
circuit for two years. However, he
had gathered in the western re-
gions many trophies of his evange-
lical power.. In Burford and Oxford
of the Long Point region he could
now count 300 nameswhich had
been added to the 320 on the rolls
of the Niagara circuit of his
Nathan Bangs, the itineran
preacher, who had braved floods
hunger, illness and criticism to
bring his message to the people of
the Niagara district and, later to
Burford and the Long Point re-
gions,had considerable influence
also in the region farther -west
1 ng the Thames River.
.When Nathan Bangs was at Ox-
oreii (now Ingersoll),. in 1801, a
letter had come to him from a Ger.'
man Anabaptist, Messmore, living
at Louisville, near Chatham, asking
the preacher to visit settlements
farther west on the Thames River,
That unanswered letter lay heavy
an his conscience. After two years
In the Lake Ontario region, with
the blessing of his bishop, Francis
Asbury, a fresh horse and $11 con-
tributed by his friends, he began
Once more a mission into the west.
From the statement of a later -
circuit rider one may get some -
idea of the extent of the circuit.
that Bangs was to travel when he
said:
"It embraced all that section of
Western Ontario from the Town-
ship of Mosa in the County of Mid-
dlesex in the east, to Detroit in
the west, and all the settlements
along Labe Erie through Tilbury,
Romney, Mersea, Gosfield, Col-
chester and Amherstburg, wherever
there were settlers."
This journey was not so lonely,
for Bangs had the pleasure of a
male riding companion. The two of
them rode up the Grand River
route to Burford and then to Ox-
ford, meeting old friends of two
years before at each place. "There-
after," he says, "we journeyed about
30 miles to Delaware Town, where
I preached and lodged in the last
house of the settlement. My bed
was a bundle of straw, my supper,
'mush and milk.'
"August 10th we arose at break
If day, took a little food, and
started for a ride through the
wilderness, 45 miles long, with no
roads, and only 'blazed' or marked,
trees to guide us. There being not
even a beaten path; we were often
at a loss to know whether we were
right or wrong; but we got safely
through at last. The flies and
musltetoes were so troublesome
that our horses could not stand
to eat, though we stopped in a
shady meadow for that purpose; we
therefore rode through the woods
without any other refreshment for
them than what they nibbled as
we passed along, As for ourselves,
we had a little Indian bread and
dried beef in our pockets, of which
�we partook; but water we occasion.
ally met looked so black that we
dared not drink it. Our horses
seemed as eager to get through as
ourselves, for whenever practicable,
thye would trot on with all their
speed. We arrived about sunset,
weary, hungry and thirsty, at a
small log -hut, inhabited by a
Frenchman. My tired horse lay
down as soon as the saddle and
bridle were taken off. I asked the
woman of the cabin if she could
give- me a drink of tea, but she
had none. Being almost famished,
I requested they man to procure us
some water, which we sipped a lit-
tle at a time, as if it were nectar;
we then ate some Indian pudding
and milk, the best food we could
obtain. After praying with the
family, we. lay down on a bundle
of straw, slept sweetly, and arose
In the morning much refreshed
and invigorated in body and mind.
The poor woman was so kind as
to send early to a distant neigh.
bor, to beg some tea for us; but.
she had neither teakettle, tea-pot;
nor tea -cup, she therefore boiled it
in a'dish-kettle' and then poured
it into a tin cup, from which we
drank it with more relish than t
ever a king drank wine from a
golden goblet. I thought it the most
refreshing beverage I had ever
drunk. We allowed our horses to
rest till about 10 o'clock, and then
rode about seven miles to a Mora- .
vian mission, a small Indian vil-
lage on the River Thames. We
dined with one of the missionaries,
two of whom were stationed here.
I had considerable conversation
with him respecting their doctrines
and usages, as well as their labors
among the Indians. He was very
sociable, and seemed to possess
much of the simplicity of the
Gospel. These good men had much
trouble in their work, from the
corrupting influence of the neigh-
boring white settlers upon the In-
dians, and it was hoped by them
that our labors among the former
would help their mission.